Bangladesh’s textile and apparel industry has witnessed remarkable growth, achieving record monthly exports of $4.6 billion in November and December 2022. In 2020, the country’s textile and garment exports were valued at $29.8 billion, positioning it as the world’s third-largest exporter. By 2022, this figure surged to $49 billion, reflecting a robust growth rate of 64%.
Le Tien Truong, head of Vinatex, Vietnam’s largest textile and clothing manufacturer, attributes this “Bangladesh phenomenon” to strategic investments in efficient, modern production since 2018. As of August 2024, Bangladesh boasts 230 factories certified by LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design), with 40% achieving the prestigious Platinum designation. An additional 500 factories are pursuing similar certifications.
Truong emphasizes that Bangladesh’s success stems from its focus on eco-friendly production, labor stability, and productivity driven by an affordable workforce. In contrast, Vietnam, with 13,000 businesses and over 50,000 manufacturers, has only 10% of its LEED-certified enterprises in the textile and apparel sector, highlighting a significant gap in sustainable practices.
Vietnam faces challenges in adopting green production, including high costs for factory upgrades and obtaining green certifications. Essential investments include ample space, solar energy, proper ventilation, and green areas to enhance worker well-being. With over 100 billion garments produced annually, the global textile industry generates 90 million tons of waste, projected to reach 150 million tons by 2030.
In response, leading fashion brands like Adidas, Zara, and H&M are setting ambitious sustainability goals, such as increasing the use of recycled materials. While no global mandates yet require recycled content, upcoming regulations in developed markets make green production inevitable.
Truong warns that Vietnam risks losing market relevance without immediate action. Vinatex’s efforts, such as improving energy efficiency in yarn production, demonstrate the benefits, including reduced water and electricity consumption, but further commitment is needed to ensure sustainable growth in the industry.
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